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Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Rich Braman
2026-03-17 15:30:03 -04:00
parent 3cbad94a08
commit bee4aa4e28
5 changed files with 151 additions and 141 deletions
@@ -26,43 +26,45 @@ Herbicide resistance emerges as a major theme. McCullough presents field and gre
## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS ## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS
0:00 Introduction | Timestamp | Topic |
0:46 Weed Identification Books and Resources |-----------|-------|
2:00 Weed Categories: Grassy, Broadleaf, and Grass-Like | 0:00 | Introduction |
2:43 Identification by Seed Heads | 0:46 | Weed Identification Books and Resources |
3:57 Comparing Bahiagrass and Dallisgrass | 2:00 | Weed Categories: Grassy, Broadleaf, and Grass-Like |
5:13 Poa annua Seed Head Identification | 2:43 | Identification by Seed Heads |
5:34 Using Ligules for Grassy Weed Identification | 3:57 | Comparing Bahiagrass and Dallisgrass |
6:50 Broadleaf Weed Flowers and Day Flower Species | 5:13 | Poa annua Seed Head Identification |
7:52 Leaf Arrangement and Hair Characteristics | 5:34 | Using Ligules for Grassy Weed Identification |
9:34 Leaf Markings: White Clover vs. Spotted Burr Clover | 6:50 | Broadleaf Weed Flowers and Day Flower Species |
10:16 Weed Lifecycles: Winter and Summer Annuals | 7:52 | Leaf Arrangement and Hair Characteristics |
12:05 Perennial Weeds: Simple and Complex | 9:34 | Leaf Markings: White Clover vs. Spotted Burr Clover |
16:02 Scouting, Early Detection, and Cultural Practices | 10:16 | Weed Lifecycles: Winter and Summer Annuals |
17:08 Mowing Height Effects on Crabgrass Competition | 12:05 | Perennial Weeds: Simple and Complex |
20:07 Irrigation Influence on Weed Populations | 16:02 | Scouting, Early Detection, and Cultural Practices |
22:05 Seed Quality and Seedlot Contamination | 17:08 | Mowing Height Effects on Crabgrass Competition |
24:07 How Pre-Emergent Herbicides Work | 20:07 | Irrigation Influence on Weed Populations |
27:00 Pre-Emergent Product Overview and Formulations | 22:05 | Seed Quality and Seedlot Contamination |
29:00 Pre-Emergent Targets and Limitations | 24:07 | How Pre-Emergent Herbicides Work |
29:38 Herbicide Activation: Sprayable vs. Granular | 27:00 | Pre-Emergent Product Overview and Formulations |
31:07 Spring Application Timing by Georgia Region | 29:00 | Pre-Emergent Targets and Limitations |
32:52 Residual Activity and Product Selection | 29:38 | Herbicide Activation: Sprayable vs. Granular |
34:48 Fall Pre-Emergent Timing for Winter Annuals | 31:07 | Spring Application Timing by Georgia Region |
35:11 Split Applications for Extended Control | 32:52 | Residual Activity and Product Selection |
36:21 Fall Products for Poa annua Management | 34:48 | Fall Pre-Emergent Timing for Winter Annuals |
37:31 Herbicide Resistance: Overview and Mechanisms | 35:11 | Split Applications for Extended Control |
41:01 Poa annua Resistance in Georgia | 36:21 | Fall Products for Poa annua Management |
43:34 Fall Post-Emergent Timing and Sulfonylurea Programs | 37:31 | Herbicide Resistance: Overview and Mechanisms |
48:55 Poa annua Control Programs by Turfgrass Species | 41:01 | Poa annua Resistance in Georgia |
51:38 Sedge Resistance to Sulfonylureas | 43:34 | Fall Post-Emergent Timing and Sulfonylurea Programs |
53:44 Other Herbicide-Resistant Weed Species | 48:55 | Poa annua Control Programs by Turfgrass Species |
55:01 New for 2018: Halauxifen Products (RELZAR, Game On, Switchblade) | 51:38 | Sedge Resistance to Sulfonylureas |
1:01:22 New for 2018: Vexis (Pyrimisulfan + Penoxsulam) | 53:44 | Other Herbicide-Resistant Weed Species |
1:05:31 Solero (Mesosulfuron) from Nufarm | 55:01 | New for 2018: Halauxifen Products (RELZAR, Game On, Switchblade) |
1:06:27 Dismiss NXT (Sulfentrazone + Carfentrazone) | 1:01:22 | New for 2018: Vexis (Pyrimisulfan + Penoxsulam) |
1:08:19 Coastal: Three-Way Pre + Post Combination from Sipcam | 1:05:31 | Solero (Mesosulfuron) from Nufarm |
1:09:53 Conclusion | 1:06:27 | Dismiss NXT (Sulfentrazone + Carfentrazone) |
| 1:08:19 | Coastal: Three-Way Pre + Post Combination from Sipcam |
| 1:09:53 | Conclusion |
--- ---
@@ -24,23 +24,25 @@ The bulk of the presentation focused on chemical weed control, covering the dist
## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS ## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS
0:00 Introduction and Speaker Background | Timestamp | Topic |
3:02 What Is a Weed? Definitions and Weediness Predictors |-----------|-------|
5:13 Challenging Weed Problems in Nursery Production | 0:00 | Introduction and Speaker Background |
9:03 Weed Identification and Plant Life Cycles | 3:02 | What Is a Weed? Definitions and Weediness Predictors |
11:55 Weed Control Methods: Physical Removal and Barriers | 5:13 | Challenging Weed Problems in Nursery Production |
15:44 Biological Control: Grass Carp, Goats, Thistle Weevil | 9:03 | Weed Identification and Plant Life Cycles |
19:50 Chemical Weed Control: Impact of Major Herbicides | 11:55 | Weed Control Methods: Physical Removal and Barriers |
21:07 Pre-Emergent vs. Post-Emergent Herbicides | 15:44 | Biological Control: Grass Carp, Goats, Thistle Weevil |
25:16 Trade Names, Active Ingredients, and Cost Savings | 19:50 | Chemical Weed Control: Impact of Major Herbicides |
26:20 Herbicide Modes of Action | 21:07 | Pre-Emergent vs. Post-Emergent Herbicides |
29:42 Pre-Emergent Herbicides for Landscape and Nursery | 25:16 | Trade Names, Active Ingredients, and Cost Savings |
31:17 Post-Emergent and Combination Herbicides | 26:20 | Herbicide Modes of Action |
35:16 Recommended Products: Marengo, BroadStar, SureGuard | 29:42 | Pre-Emergent Herbicides for Landscape and Nursery |
36:40 Best Practices and Common Application Errors | 31:17 | Post-Emergent and Combination Herbicides |
40:21 Herbicide Fate, Organic Options, and Glyphosate Safety | 35:16 | Recommended Products: Marengo, BroadStar, SureGuard |
43:40 Glyphosate Damage, Adjuvants, and Future Technologies | 36:40 | Best Practices and Common Application Errors |
44:54 Q&A: Torpedograss, Virginia Buttonweed, Bermudagrass Control | 40:21 | Herbicide Fate, Organic Options, and Glyphosate Safety |
| 43:40 | Glyphosate Damage, Adjuvants, and Future Technologies |
| 44:54 | Q&A: Torpedograss, Virginia Buttonweed, Bermudagrass Control |
--- ---
@@ -24,23 +24,25 @@ The bulk of the presentation focused on chemical weed control, covering the dist
## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS ## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS
0:00 Introduction and Speaker Background | Timestamp | Topic |
3:02 What Is a Weed? Definitions and Weediness Predictors |-----------|-------|
5:13 Challenging Weed Problems in Nursery Production | 0:00 | Introduction and Speaker Background |
9:03 Weed Identification and Plant Life Cycles | 3:02 | What Is a Weed? Definitions and Weediness Predictors |
11:55 Weed Control Methods: Physical Removal and Barriers | 5:13 | Challenging Weed Problems in Nursery Production |
15:44 Biological Control: Grass Carp, Goats, Thistle Weevil | 9:03 | Weed Identification and Plant Life Cycles |
19:50 Chemical Weed Control: Impact of Major Herbicides | 11:55 | Weed Control Methods: Physical Removal and Barriers |
21:07 Pre-Emergent vs. Post-Emergent Herbicides | 15:44 | Biological Control: Grass Carp, Goats, Thistle Weevil |
25:16 Trade Names, Active Ingredients, and Cost Savings | 19:50 | Chemical Weed Control: Impact of Major Herbicides |
26:20 Herbicide Modes of Action | 21:07 | Pre-Emergent vs. Post-Emergent Herbicides |
29:42 Pre-Emergent Herbicides for Landscape and Nursery | 25:16 | Trade Names, Active Ingredients, and Cost Savings |
31:17 Post-Emergent and Combination Herbicides | 26:20 | Herbicide Modes of Action |
35:16 Recommended Products: Marengo, BroadStar, SureGuard | 29:42 | Pre-Emergent Herbicides for Landscape and Nursery |
36:40 Best Practices and Common Application Errors | 31:17 | Post-Emergent and Combination Herbicides |
40:21 Herbicide Fate, Organic Options, and Glyphosate Safety | 35:16 | Recommended Products: Marengo, BroadStar, SureGuard |
43:40 Glyphosate Damage, Adjuvants, and Future Technologies | 36:40 | Best Practices and Common Application Errors |
44:54 Q&A: Torpedograss, Virginia Buttonweed, Bermudagrass Control | 40:21 | Herbicide Fate, Organic Options, and Glyphosate Safety |
| 43:40 | Glyphosate Damage, Adjuvants, and Future Technologies |
| 44:54 | Q&A: Torpedograss, Virginia Buttonweed, Bermudagrass Control |
--- ---
@@ -32,44 +32,46 @@ The core of the presentation was a three-step process for selecting herbicides:
## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS ## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS
0:00 Introduction and Speaker Credentials | Timestamp | Topic |
0:58 Overview: Weed Control in Nurseries and Landscapes |-----------|-------|
1:36 Why Herbicides Fail: Calibration and Application | 0:00 | Introduction and Speaker Credentials |
4:34 Calibration Tools and Mixing Calculators | 0:58 | Overview: Weed Control in Nurseries and Landscapes |
6:35 Pre-emergent Herbicide Timing | 1:36 | Why Herbicides Fail: Calibration and Application |
8:20 Avoiding Plant Injury During Application | 4:34 | Calibration Tools and Mixing Calculators |
9:29 SureGuard Holly Trial: New Growth vs. Hardened Foliage | 6:35 | Pre-emergent Herbicide Timing |
10:42 Post-emergence Herbicide Timing | 8:20 | Avoiding Plant Injury During Application |
11:30 Environmental Factors Affecting Efficacy | 9:29 | SureGuard Holly Trial: New Growth vs. Hardened Foliage |
13:18 Stressed Weeds and Mowing Impacts | 10:42 | Post-emergence Herbicide Timing |
14:28 Ranking Factors That Impact Post-emergence Performance | 11:30 | Environmental Factors Affecting Efficacy |
15:38 Importance of Developing a Program, Not Just Products | 13:18 | Stressed Weeds and Mowing Impacts |
17:17 Herbicide Rotation and Resistance Prevention | 14:28 | Ranking Factors That Impact Post-emergence Performance |
18:48 Three Steps to Choosing Herbicides | 15:38 | Importance of Developing a Program, Not Just Products |
19:17 Pre-emergence Options Color-Coded by Mode of Action | 17:17 | Herbicide Rotation and Resistance Prevention |
20:48 The 2017 Southeast Pest Control Guide | 18:48 | Three Steps to Choosing Herbicides |
21:00 Step 1 Example: Labeled Options for Container-Grown Gardenia | 19:17 | Pre-emergence Options Color-Coded by Mode of Action |
22:02 Grouping Herbicides by Mode of Action | 20:48 | The 2017 Southeast Pest Control Guide |
23:01 Step 2: Targeting Primary and Secondary Weed Species | 21:00 | Step 1 Example: Labeled Options for Container-Grown Gardenia |
25:20 Step 3: Building a Year-Round Rotation | 22:02 | Grouping Herbicides by Mode of Action |
27:03 Year-Round Nursery Rotation Plan by Month | 23:01 | Step 2: Targeting Primary and Secondary Weed Species |
27:34 Research: Pre-emergent + Post-emergent vs. Post-Only Programs | 25:20 | Step 3: Building a Year-Round Rotation |
30:44 Cost Savings and Herbicide Reduction Results | 27:03 | Year-Round Nursery Rotation Plan by Month |
31:55 Application Interval Considerations | 27:34 | Research: Pre-emergent + Post-emergent vs. Post-Only Programs |
32:09 Landscape-Specific Rotation Planning | 30:44 | Cost Savings and Herbicide Reduction Results |
33:52 Timing Examples: One, Two, or Three Applications Per Year | 31:55 | Application Interval Considerations |
35:20 Generic Landscape Rotation Example by Season | 32:09 | Landscape-Specific Rotation Planning |
37:01 Post-emergence Alternatives to Glyphosate in Landscape Beds | 33:52 | Timing Examples: One, Two, or Three Applications Per Year |
38:08 Glufosinate (Finale/Cheetah) as an Alternative | 35:20 | Generic Landscape Rotation Example by Season |
38:43 Non-Selective Alternatives: Desiccant-Type Herbicides | 37:01 | Post-emergence Alternatives to Glyphosate in Landscape Beds |
40:12 Acetic Acid Trial: Burndown and Recovery Results | 38:08 | Glufosinate (Finale/Cheetah) as an Alternative |
42:23 Selective Post-emergence Options for Landscape Beds | 38:43 | Non-Selective Alternatives: Desiccant-Type Herbicides |
43:04 Graminicides: Underutilized Grass-Selective Herbicides | 40:12 | Acetic Acid Trial: Burndown and Recovery Results |
43:55 Basagran, Lontrel, Certainty, and Scepter | 42:23 | Selective Post-emergence Options for Landscape Beds |
44:44 UF Mid-Florida REC Resources and Contact Information | 43:04 | Graminicides: Underutilized Grass-Selective Herbicides |
45:52 Q&A: Signal Words and PPE Requirements | 43:55 | Basagran, Lontrel, Certainty, and Scepter |
48:02 Q&A: Wind Drift and Reducing Spray Drift | 44:44 | UF Mid-Florida REC Resources and Contact Information |
49:08 Q&A: Marengo for Nursery Gravel Areas | 45:52 | Q&A: Signal Words and PPE Requirements |
| 48:02 | Q&A: Wind Drift and Reducing Spray Drift |
| 49:08 | Q&A: Marengo for Nursery Gravel Areas |
--- ---
@@ -24,38 +24,40 @@ The third case study examined the orange-striped oakworm moth, a native pest of
## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS ## YOUTUBE TIMESTAMPS
0:00 Introduction and speaker credentials | Timestamp | Topic |
1:28 The disease triangle: pest, tree, and environment |-----------|-------|
3:02 The spiral of tree decline | 0:00 | Introduction and speaker credentials |
6:07 Native vs. non-native pest and tree interactions | 1:28 | The disease triangle: pest, tree, and environment |
7:22 Example 1: Emerald ash borer (EAB) — overview | 3:02 | The spiral of tree decline |
8:23 EAB life cycle and damage symptoms | 6:07 | Native vs. non-native pest and tree interactions |
10:48 EAB generation time and temperature effects | 7:22 | Example 1: Emerald ash borer (EAB) — overview |
11:57 EAB spread across North America and firewood | 8:23 | EAB life cycle and damage symptoms |
13:47 EAB in Georgia and native ash species diversity | 10:48 | EAB generation time and temperature effects |
15:26 White fringetree as alternate EAB host | 11:57 | EAB spread across North America and firewood |
16:43 Global trade and non-native species introductions | 13:47 | EAB in Georgia and native ash species diversity |
18:20 The invasion curve: detection, eradication, and control | 15:26 | White fringetree as alternate EAB host |
21:32 Why EAB is not a pest in Asia | 16:43 | Global trade and non-native species introductions |
22:34 Chemical control methods for EAB | 18:20 | The invasion curve: detection, eradication, and control |
23:57 Importation biological control: parasitoid wasps | 21:32 | Why EAB is not a pest in Asia |
28:01 Native natural enemies and the goal of balance | 22:34 | Chemical control methods for EAB |
29:42 Example 2: Crapemyrtle bark scale (CMBS) — overview | 23:57 | Importation biological control: parasitoid wasps |
31:47 CMBS biology, life cycle, and overlapping generations | 28:01 | Native natural enemies and the goal of balance |
33:47 CMBS invasion timeline and early detection | 29:42 | Example 2: Crapemyrtle bark scale (CMBS) — overview |
35:02 CMBS and the invasion curve in Georgia | 31:47 | CMBS biology, life cycle, and overlapping generations |
36:06 CMBS host range expansion in North America | 33:47 | CMBS invasion timeline and early detection |
36:42 Urban heat island effects on scales | 35:02 | CMBS and the invasion curve in Georgia |
37:28 Chemical control options for CMBS | 36:06 | CMBS host range expansion in North America |
38:31 Natural enemies: lady beetles and lacewings | 36:42 | Urban heat island effects on scales |
42:04 Balancing chemical and biological control for CMBS | 37:28 | Chemical control options for CMBS |
42:25 Example 3: Orange-striped oakworm moth — overview | 38:31 | Natural enemies: lady beetles and lacewings |
43:53 Oakworm life cycle and seasonal timing | 42:04 | Balancing chemical and biological control for CMBS |
44:51 Why urban and clonal trees are vulnerable | 42:25 | Example 3: Orange-striped oakworm moth — overview |
46:35 Natural enemies of the oakworm | 43:53 | Oakworm life cycle and seasonal timing |
47:56 Control decisions: damage thresholds and Btk | 44:51 | Why urban and clonal trees are vulnerable |
49:19 Presentation wrap-up and key takeaways | 46:35 | Natural enemies of the oakworm |
50:01 Moderator comments on CMBS expansion in Georgia | 47:56 | Control decisions: damage thresholds and Btk |
| 49:19 | Presentation wrap-up and key takeaways |
| 50:01 | Moderator comments on CMBS expansion in Georgia |
--- ---